Electroseparations
Liquid Chromatography
Atomic Spectrometry
Mass Spectrometry
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Laboratory of Electroseparation Techniques
Department of Analytical Chemistry
Faculty of Natural Sciences
Comenius University in Bratislava
Research performed (1971-2004)
Research in the field of electroseparations in capillary and miniaturized formats started by Prof. Samo Stankoviansky with Dušan Kaniansky (research assistant and PhD. student) in 1971. In the initial phase, with a generous support by Prof. Frans M. Everaerts and Theo P.E.M. Verheggen (Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands) and by Prof. Jiří Vacík and Jiří Zuska (Charles University in Prague, The Czech Republic), it was focused on capillary isotachophoresis (ITP). Research priorities changed in time, and they were, mainly, in fundamental methodology of capillary electrophoresis (CE), CE instrumentation, lab-on-a-chip electrophoresis and CE and chip electrophoresis applications in various fields.
The most significant research results:
Pioneering works in developments and implementations of
conductivity,
Stankoviansky S., Čičmanec P., Kaniansky D., Conductivity detection of zones in isotachohoresis with a high-frequency bridge, J. Chromatogr., 106 (1975) 131-138;
Kaniansky D., Kovaľ M., Stankoviansky S., Simple cell for conductimetric detection in capillary isotachophoresis, J. Chromatogr. 267 (1983) 67-73;
radiometric,
Kaniansky D., Rajec P., Švec A., Havaši P., Macášek F., On-line radiometric detection in capillary isotachophoresis. I. Preliminary experiments, J. Chromatogr. 258 (1983) 238-243;
and amperometric
Kaniansky D., Havaši P., Marák J., Sokolík R., Post-column amperometric detection in capillary isotachophoresis, J. Chromatogr. 366 (1986) 153-160;
detection technologies to CE separation systems.
Developments of instrumentation for CE (single column separation systems, column-coupling technology, discontinuous micro-scale preparative technology). CE instruments based on these research and development activities became commercially available in the former Czechoslovakia in 1983 (a ZKI 001 CS Isotachophoresis Analyzer, Institute of Radioecology, Spišská Nová Ves). This instrumentation contributed to a strong position of CE in the Czech and Slovak analytical and bioanalytical laboratories. At present, following many innovative steps, it is produced (especially, column-switching CE) by J&M (Aalen, Germany) in cooperation with Villa-Labeco (Spišská Nová Ves, Slovakia).
Fundamental instrumental and methodological research on on-line coupling of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) with isotachophoresis (ITP) sample pretreatment using column-switching. This research introduced ITP-CZE technology to CE,
Kaniansky D., Marák J., On-line coupling of capillary isotachophoresis with capillary zone electrophoresis, J. Chromatogr., 498 (1990) 191-204.
In cooperation with Prof. Salvatore Fanali (Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche del C.N.R., Roma, Italy) the ITP-CZE combination was introduced into chiral analysis of samples of high ionic complexities,
Danková M., Kaniansky D., Fanali S., Iványi F., Capillary zone electrophoresis separations of enantiomers present in complex ionic matrices with on-line isotachophoretic sample pretreatment,
J. Chromatogr.A, 838 (1999) 31-43;
Fanali S., Desiderio C., Ölvecká E., Kaniansky D., Vojtek M., Ferancová A., Separation of enantiomers by on-line capillary isotachophoresis-capillary zone electrophoresis, HRC-J. High Resol. Chromatogr., 23 (2000) 531-538.
Off-line coupling of discontinuous preparative ITP with mass spectrometry (MS). This research, performed in a close cooperation with Prof. Ernst Kenndler (University of Vienna, Austria), in fact, introduced CE-MS coupling.
Kenndler E., Kaniansky D.,Off-line combination of isotachophoresis and mass spectrometry
J. Chromatogr. 209 (1981) 306-309.
Fundamental research linked with developments of lab-on-a-chip electrophoresis separation system within a frame of research cooperation with Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). This research, for example, introduced column-switching technology into a chip format and integrated ITP sample pretreatment (including analyte concentration and sample clean-up) with ZE separations,
Kaniansky D., Masár M., Bielčíková J., Iványi F., Eisenbeiss F., Stanislawski B., Grass B., Neyer A., Jöhnck M., Capillary Electrophoresis Separations on a Planar Chip with the Column-Coupling Configuration of the Separation Channels, Anal. Chem., 72 (2000) 3596-3604.
Recently, this technology was proved effective in the ZE separations on chips with the column-switching,
Kaniansky D., Masár M., Danková M., Bodor R., Rákocyová R., Pilná M., Jöhnck M.,
Stanislawski B., Kajan S., Column switching in zone electrophoresis on a chip, J. Chromatogr. A, 1051 (2004) 33-42.
Applications in environmental and biological fields with a focus on trace and ultratrace analysis and complex ionic matrices. For example, research performed in cooperation with Dr. Frank I. Onuska of National Water Research Institute (Burlington, Ontario, Canada) revealed significant potentialities of the ITP-CZE combination in water analysis,
Kaniansky D., Zelenský I., Hybenová A., Onuska F.I., Determination of chloride, nitrate, sulfate, nitrite, fluoride and phosphate by on-line coupled capillary isotachophoresis-capillary zone electrophoresis with conductivity detection, Anal. Chem. 66 (1994) 4258 - 4264;
Kaniansky D., Iványi F., Onuska F.I., On-line isotachophoretic sample pretreatment in (ultra)trace analysis of paraquat and diquat in water by capillary zone electrophoresis, Anal.Chem. 66 (1994) 1817-1824.
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